The system is a compact, functionally complete module. The system’s equipment, instrumentation, piping, control and shut-off valves are mounted on a metal frame.
The reverse osmosis water treatment units are supplied in a complete set and include pumping and dosing equipment, reverse and chemical flushing systems for membrane modules, and automated process control systems. The core of the unit is a group of filtration membranes. Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration elements, cartridge filter elements, pump and other equipment are used.
Nanofiltration membranes (pores 5-50 nm, or 0.05-0.005 μm) are used to soften highly rigid water, to remove ions of heavy metals and chlorine. Monovalent ions such as Na, K, Cl, NO3 are retained weakly - on average not more than 10-30%. The working pressure of nanofiltration usually does not exceed 5-7 bar.
The reverse osmosis membranes have pores with a diameter of less than 10 nanometers (less than 0.01 microns), operate at pressures up to 100 bar and allow for deep desalination, or demineralization. Reverse osmosis is used to produce ultrapure water for industrial needs, as well as to desalinate marine and brackish groundwater, and the degree of desalination (selectivity) is usually not less than 92-97%.
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